USA has Gotten Now Depression-Level Unemployment...., a Tahrir Square moment is at hand in the 50 States soon!
The commonly-accepted unemployment figures for the Great Depression are overstated.
http://www.cnbc.com/id/43264595Specifically, government workers were counted as unemployed by Stanley Lebergott (the BLS economist who put together the most widely used numbers) ... even though gainfully employed and receiving a pay check.
If we're trying to compare current unemployment figures with the Great Depression, the calculations of economists such as Michael Darby are more accurate.
| Year | Lebergott | Darby | |
| 1929 | 3.2% | 3.2% | |
| 1930 | 8.7% | 8.7% | |
| 1931 | 15.9% | 15.3% | |
| 1932 | 23.6% | 22.9% | |
| 1933 | 24.9% | 20.6% | |
| 1934 | 21.7% | 16.0% | |
| 1935 | 20.1% | 14.2% | |
| 1936 | 16.9% | 9.9% | |
| 1937 | 14.3% | 9.1% | |
| 1938 | 19.0% | 12.5% | |
| 1939 | 17.2% | 11.3% | |
| 1940 | 14.6% | 9.5% |
(see Robert A. Margo's Employment and Unemployment in the 1930s.)
We've Got Depression-Level Unemployment
Unemployment is currently underreported. Even government officials admit that their "adjustments" to unemployment figures are inaccurate during recessions.
In addition, the most widely-cited statistics use the Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics' "U-3" methodology. But "U-6" figures are more accurate, because they include people who would like full-time work, but can only find part-time work, or people who have given up looking for work altogether. U-6 is also is closer to the way unemployment was measured during the Great Depression than U-3
Current levels of unemployment are Depression-level numbers, especially when compared to Darby's figures.
For example, economist John Williams puts current U-6 unemployment at 15.9%. That's higher than 9 out of 12 years charted by Darby.
And there are certainly Depression-level statistics in some states. For example, official Bureau of Labor Statistics numbers put U-6 above 20% in several states:
- California: 22.0
- Nevada: 23.7
- Michigan 20.3
- (and Los Angeles County has 24.1% unemployment, higher than any of the Depression years as reported by Darby)
Youngstown State University's Center for Working Class Studies puts the "De Facto Unemployment Rate" at 28.76%. I'm not sure if that compares to methods used during the Great Depression, but it surpasses all 12 out of 12 years charted by Darby.
More People Are Unemployed than During the Great Depression
As in January 2009:
In 1930, there were 123 million Americans.
At the height of the Depression in 1933, 24.9% of the total work force or 11,385,000 people, were unemployed.
Will unemployment reach 25% during this current crisis?
I don't know. But the number of people unemployed will be higher than during the Depression.
Specifically, there are currently some 300 million Americans, 154.4 million of whom are in the work force.
Unemployment is expected to exceed 10% by many economists, and Obama "has warned that the unemployment rate will explode to at least 10% in 2009".
10 percent of 154 million is 15 million people out of work - more than during the Great Depression.
Given that the broader U-6 measure of unemployment is currently around 17% (ShadowStats.com puts the figure at 22%, and some put it even higher), the current numbers are that much worse.
USA Today reported in December:
So many Americans have been jobless for so long that the government is changing how it records long-term unemployment.
Citing what it calls "an unprecedented rise" in long-term unemployment, the federal Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), beginning Saturday, will raise from two years to five years the upper limit on how long someone can be listed as having been jobless.
***
The change is a sign that bureau officials "are afraid that a cap of two years may be 'understating the true average duration' — but they won't know by how much until they raise the upper limit," says Linda Barrington, an economist who directs the Institute for Compensation Studies at Cornell University's School of Industrial and Labor Relations.
***
"The BLS doesn't make such changes lightly," Barrington says. Stacey Standish, a bureau assistant press officer, says the two-year limit has been used for 33 years.
***
Although "this feels like something we've not experienced" since the Great Depression, she says, economists need more information to be sure.
The average length of unemployment is higher than it's been since government began tracking the data in 1948.
***
The job losses are also now equal to the net job gains over the previous nine years, making this the only recession since the Great Depression to wipe out all job growth from the previous expansion.
The Christian Science Monitor wrote an article in June entitled, "Length of unemployment reaches Great Depression levels".
60 Minutes - in a must-watch segment - notes that our current situation tops the Great Depression in one respect: never have we had a recession this deep with a recovery this flat. 60 Minutes points out that unemployment has been at 9.5% or above for 14 months.
Blytic calculated last year that the current average duration of unemployment is some 32 weeks, the median duration is around 20 weeks, and there are approximately 6 million people unemployed for 27 weeks or longer.
According to the BLS, there are 5.839 million workers who have been unemployed for more than 26 weeks and still want a job. This was down from 6.122 million in March. This remains very high, and is one of the defining features of this employment recession.
Job Destruction is Permanent
Many leading economists say that America is suffering a permanent destruction of jobs.
Despite What the Government Says, Reducing Unemployment Is a Very Low PriorityFor example, JPMorgan Chase’s Chief Economist Bruce Kasman told Bloomberg:
[We've had a] permanent destruction of hundreds of thousands of jobs in industries from housing to finance.The chief economists for Wells Fargo Securities, John Silvia, says:And former Merrill Lynch chief economist David Rosenberg writes:Companies “really have diminished their willingness to hire labor for any production level,” Silvia said. “It’s really a strategic change,” where companies will be keeping fewer employees for any particular level of sales, in good times and bad, he said.
The number of people not on temporary layoff surged 220,000 in August and the level continues to reach new highs, now at 8.1 million. This accounts for 53.9% of the unemployed — again a record high — and this is a proxy for permanent job loss, in other words, these jobs are not coming back. Against that backdrop, the number of people who have been looking for a job for at least six months with no success rose a further half-percent in August, to stand at 5 million — the long-term unemployed now represent a record 33% of the total pool of joblessness.And see this.
While government officials talk a good game, government policy has actually not been geared towards fighting inflation, not creating more jobs.
Some Jobs Are Being Created ... But Mainly In the Military
127,000 jobs need to be created each month just to make sure that things aren't getting worse. (127,000 is the monthly population increase in the United States.)
But - according to ADP - last month only 38,000 jobs were created in the private sector.
There is fierce debate about how much the government has spent to create a few measly jobs. Some say that it is an insane amount, while others say the figure is lower. And see this .
But the truth is that there wasn't very much government stimulation aimed towards creating jobs at all ... other than in the military. As in 2009, public sector spending - and mainly defense spending - has accounted for virtually all of the new job creation in the past 10 years:
The U.S. has largely been financing job creation for ten years. Specifically, as the chief economist for BusinessWeek, Michael Mandel, points out, public spending has accounted for virtually all new job creation in the past 10 years:Indeed, Robert Reich lamented last year:Private sector job growth was almost non-existent over the past ten years. Take a look at this horrifying chart:
Between May 1999 and May 2009, employment in the private sector sector only rose by 1.1%, by far the lowest 10-year increase in the post-depression period.
It’s impossible to overstate how bad this is. Basically speaking, the private sector job machine has almost completely stalled over the past ten years. Take a look at this chart:
Over the past 10 years, the private sector has generated roughly 1.1 million additional jobs, or about 100K per year. The public sector created about 2.4 million jobs.
But even that gives the private sector too much credit. Remember that the private sector includes health care, social assistance, and education, all areas which receive a lot of government support.
***Most of the industries which had positive job growth over the past ten years were in the HealthEdGov sector. In fact, financial job growth was nearly nonexistent once we take out the health insurers.
Let me finish with a final chart.
Without a decade of growing government support from rising health and education spending and soaring budget deficits, the labor market would have been flat on its back.
America’s biggest — and only major — jobs program is the U.S. military.Raw Story argues that the U.S. is building a largely military economy:
So most of the job creation has been by the public sector. But because the job creation has been financed with loans from China and private banks, trillions in unnecessary interest charges have been incurred by the U.S. And this shows military versus non-military durable goods shipments:The use of the military-industrial complex as a quick, if dubious, way of jump-starting the economy is nothing new, but what is amazing is the divergence between the military economy and the civilian economy, as shown by this New York Times chart.
In the past nine years, non-industrial production in the US has declined by some 19 percent. It took about four years for manufacturing to return to levels seen before the 2001 recession -- and all those gains were wiped out in the current recession.
By contrast, military manufacturing is now 123 percent greater than it was in 2000 -- it has more than doubled while the rest of the manufacturing sector has been shrinking...
It's important to note the trajectory -- the military economy is nearly three times as large, proportionally to the rest of the economy, as it was at the beginning of the Bush administration. And it is the only manufacturing sector showing any growth. Extrapolate that trend, and what do you get?
The change in leadership in Washington does not appear to be abating that trend...
[Click here to view full image.]
So we're running up our debt (which will eventually decrease economic growth), but the only jobs we're creating are military and other public sector jobs.
This might be okay from a strictly economic (as opposed to moral) perspective if defense jobs reduced unemployment. But, as many economists point out, the fact is that massive military spending actually increases unemployment in the long-run.
For example, PhD economist Dean Baker notes that America's massive military spending on unnecessary and unpopular wars lowers economic growth and increases unemployment:
Defense spending means that the government is pulling away resources from the uses determined by the market and instead using them to buy weapons and supplies and to pay for soldiers and other military personnel. In standard economic models, defense spending is a direct drain on the economy, reducing efficiency, slowing growth and costing jobs.
A few years ago, the Center for Economic and Policy Research commissioned Global Insight, one of the leading economic modeling firms, to project the impact of a sustained increase in defense spending equal to 1.0 percentage point of GDP. This was roughly equal to the cost of the Iraq War.
Global Insight’s model projected that after 20 years the economy would be about 0.6 percentage points smaller as a result of the additional defense spending. Slower growth would imply a loss of almost 700,000 jobs compared to a situation in which defense spending had not been increased. Construction and manufacturing were especially big job losers in the projections, losing 210,000 and 90,000 jobs, respectively.
The scenario we asked Global Insight [recognized as the most consistently accurate forecasting company in the world] to model turned out to have vastly underestimated the increase in defense spending associated with current policy. In the most recent quarter, defense spending was equal to 5.6 percent of GDP. By comparison, before the September 11th attacks, the Congressional Budget Office projected that defense spending in 2009 would be equal to just 2.4 percent of GDP. Our post-September 11th build-up was equal to 3.2 percentage points of GDP compared to the pre-attack baseline. This means that the Global Insight projections of job loss are far too low...
The projected job loss from this increase in defense spending would be close to 2 million. In other words, the standard economic models that project job loss from efforts to stem global warming also project that the increase in defense spending since 2000 will cost the economy close to 2 million jobs in the long run.
Government policy has largely caused the current unemployment crisis. And until Washington and Wall Street are forced to change course, things will not meaningfully and significantly improve for a long time....
The bad guy is the out of control US ZOG government spending which hurts everyone....
The reason that unemployment is now a structural problem is that there are deep structural problems with the whole American economy. Like it or not, America is in competition for resources and markets with the rest of the developed world. For at least the last Thirty years, America has not taken very many steps towards building a sustainable competitive advantage. By "building", I mean changing and adapting to the commercial, economic, technological and social environment. America is resistant to change and this is ultimately why you are hurting.
I know change hurts, we all do; but the ultimate pain you experience if you resist until change is forced upon you by outside forces is much worse.
The economic name for what is going on is "rent seeking" and the scale is simply massive and crippling. Moreover, the rentiers own the legislature. The inability of the country to deal with a simple and obvious problem such as the provision of health care demonstrates their domination.
There is no point in cataloging the economic bastardry going on - American economists could do it in a heartbeat if they have not done so already. Furthermore, they know the cures. Trouble is that no one will challenge the rentiers.
Tinkering with Medicare or Social security? What a waste of time! Unless the structural problems are addressed all you are doing is rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic.
If someone now wishes to play the "States Rights" card and talk about the evils of "big government" I have a caution for you. Consider the possibility that the American system of Government is not "the envy of the world" and that American pre eminence in the Twentieth century is an accident of history; the result of Europe tearing itself apart twice, coupled with the development of the motor car and the discovery of cheap and abundant oil in America?
Can Fifty States really organize to solve nationwide problems efficiently? For example, there are very few State taxes in Australia, there is a national income tax and a national goods and services tax that are collected efficiently at the Federal level, then we argue about how much each of the States will receive from that pool. This has to be more efficient than Fifty individual sets of tax laws and the administrators that police them, which produces costly and economically lethal absurdities like this:
"The Supreme Judicial Court of Maine has ordered the state to repay a Massachusetts aircraft owner about $26,000 after overturning a lower court ruling to do with the state’s controversial use tax. As we first reported in 2007, Steve Kahn bought a Cirrus SR22 in 2003 and registered it in his home state. He used it to visit property he owns in Maine and for Angel Flight volunteer missions. After noting his tail number in Maine, state authorities invoked the use tax, which essentially levies sales tax on goods brought from outside the state and used within it.
.....The assenting panelists said the 6 to 7 percent of its time Kahn’s SR22 spent in Maine during 2004 didn’t amount to enough for the use tax to apply. But the panelists refused to put a figure on how much time in and out of the state warrants invocation of the tax and said each airplane owner will have to present his or her own case....."
http://rescommunis.wordpress.com/2011/04/29/u-s-state-court-overturns-maine-use-tax-assessment/
The problems this creates for the rest of the world are considerable. The first problem is that of a violent upheaval in a nuclear armed America and the existential threat that poses. The second is how we cope and manage as you gradually decline into something like the old and moribund democracies of South America - a rich and dominating aristocracy in a sea of peasants....
Most estimate $17 to $28 Trillion has gone offshore from the US in the form of unregulated hedge funds and derivates and CDOs. The Ten Trillion Dollar wars in MENA have certainly added unproductive waste, fraud, and abuse. Almost 25% of health care costs are overhead. 20% of pretax dollars go to the largely unregulated business of insurance. Only 3 states actually have competent actuarial regulators. 90% of profit making colleges exist only by milking student loans. It goes on and on. So wasted investment is the current USA economic strategy. Does no real job future for most Americans surprise anyone?
The American economic situation is tragic. There is no hope for the millions of unemployed. They are invisible to the White House, Congress and Pundits inside DC’s bubble. Businesses are only hiring workers who already have jobs. Cutting government spending will only make it worse.
What is not discussed in corporate media is the change in the economic base in the United States from manufacturing to financial shakedowns. Both parties have been bought by Wall Street. Public wealth is privatized into credit card debt. The elites then take their cut from the personnel debt payments and fees charge for services that once were paid for with taxes. America is returning to the debtor system were everything is owned by the Company Store. If you are lucky enough to have a job, you never get ahead because the debt payments for college education, medical bills, Lexus Lanes and usurious credit card interest payments.
Since 70% of the American economy is consumer spending, it will never rebound until there is demand caused by the unemployed working again. The economic system will crash and burn again unless there is a universal Medicare System paid for by taxes, affordable college education, and nationalizing the banks and wiping out all of the overhanging housing debt and starting anew with a clean slate with a regulated financial industry.
Will The Banksters And The Corpocracy Eventually Own It All? 29 Statistics About Extreme Income Inequality In America That Will Blow Your Mind...
The unemployed need to organize to press for decent job opportunities? Press whom? Government? They don't make jobs. So they should press business? I own my own business and I will hire as many employees as I need to make as much profit as I can. No more, no fewer. So the unemployed are going to press me to hire more people? To what point? If I hire more people than I need, I have to cut the pay of my current employees. Where's the fairness in that? And what about when my employees get disgruntled at their pay cuts and go elsewhere taking their intellectual property with them? My business becomes less competitive and goes under, putting the entire workforce in the unemployment line.
What will get decent job opportunities? More government spending? That hasn't helped the poor. We need to admit that these noble-sounding government programs don't work. We send money to Washington, which can't manage a thing, so it returns it to states in the form of grants and programs (minus a serious vig to fund the bureaucrats, studies, propaganda on how great the programs are, etc) but with all kinds of guidelines and caveats which are in most cases irrelevant to the local situation.
Cutting spending is merely being responsible and places the country on a more stable basis so our economic system can work. It is more than just confidence building when we walk away from a "plan" that will result in us paying back our debt in devalued dollars. If we pay back our creditors with devalued dollars we will also be paying our teachers and firemen in devalued dollars.
And don't tell me that if we just weren't fighting these (three, now) wars we would not be in debt -- DoD, CIA and State total spending is equal to about 1/2 of this year's debt. Wipe out all three and we are still way in the red. Every dollar adds to the pile, of course, but it isn't just defense; not even close.
This nagging is just victimography. The unemployed are victims of someone -- big business, the government, the evil rich, someone. The bad guy is the out of control government spending which hurts everyone....
